Study Guide
MAPS:
1. Physical – shows the physical features of the earth
2. Political – shows the countries
3. Thematic – shows different types of themes, including: resources, climate, road, economic, etc
5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY:
1. Location – where things exactly are based on the longitude & the latitude
2. Place – describing the physical & human characteristics of a location
3. Region – a bigger place with similar physical & human characteristics
4. Movement – how things (humans, ideas, goods) go from place to place across the planet
5. Human/Environment Interaction – how humans adapt to the environment & how the environment adapts to humans
6 ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS – HELP GEOGRAPHERS UNDERSTAND PEOPLE, PLACES, AND ENVIRONMENTS ON THE EARTH:
1. The world in spatial terms – by studying locations of places using maps, this helps geographers understand physical and human patterns
2. Places and regions – geographers look for characteristics of places and then compare their similarities and differences
3. Physical systems – geographers study changes in the Earths surface; where and why people choose to live in certain locations
4. Human systems – by studying human settlement patterns and use of resources, this helps geographers explain human interactions and lifestyles
5. Environment and society – geographers study how people interact with the environment and how they use resources
6. The uses of geography – by studying patterns and processes in the world, this helps people understand the past and plan for the future
HOW FORCES CONTINUALLY CHANGE EARTH’S SURFACE
WHAT IS CULTURE? :
1. History, tradition, religion, government, costumes, education, trade, environment, nature, everything around us, etc
VOCABULARY:
1. Geography – study of people, places, and environments
2. Environment – physical surroundings of a location
3. Location – where things exactly are based on the longitude & the latitude
4. Spatial – referring to where a place is located and its physical relationship to other places, people, or environments
5. Place – describing the physical and human characteristics of a location
6. Region – an area that has similar physical & human characteristics
7. Map – a representation of a part of the Earth
8. Globe – a model of the earth in the shape of a sphere
9. Surveyor – a person who measures the land
10. Remote sensing – obtaining information about a site by using an instrument that is not physically in contact with the site
11. Landsat – a series of information – gathering satellites that orbit above Earth
12. Global Positioning System (GPS) – a system that uses a network of Earth – obtaining satellites to pinpoint location
13. Geographic Information System (GIS) – a computer – or Internet – based mapping technology
14. Database – a collection of information that can be analyzed
15. Location analyst – a person who studies an area to find the best location for a client
16. Urban planner – a person who creates plans for developing and improving parts of a city
17. Climatologist – a geographer who studies climates
18. Geomorphology – the study of how the shape of the Earth changes
19. Cartographer – a geographer who creates maps
GEOGRAPHY’S JOBS:
1. Location analyst
2. Land surveyor
3. Urban planner
4. Climatologist
HOW TO READ A MAP? USING:
1. Compass, scale, legend, resources, elevation
TOOLS:
1. Global Positioning System (GPS) – a system that uses a network of Earth – obtaining satellites to pinpoint location
2. Geographic Information System (GIS) – a computer – or Internet – based mapping technology
3. Remote sensing – obtaining information about a site by using an instrument that is not physically in contact with the site
4. Map – a representation of a part of the Earth
5. Irrigation system
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